ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ื“ืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืช โ€บ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ืง

ื›ืœื™ ื—ื™ื ืžื™

ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ืง ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื›ืจ

ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืชืืจื™ืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื•ืจื•ืื™ื ืื™ืœื• ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื“ืง ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช, ื•ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ.

ืื™ืš ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ืง?

ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืืช ืชืืจื™ืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื”. ื”ื™ืจื•ืง ืคืชื•ื—, ื”ื›ืชื•ื ื ืกื’ืจ ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ืืคื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืกื’ืจ.

ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืคืชื•ื— ืœื›ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ

ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื›ืจ (ื“ื™ืจื•ืช). ื”ื–ื™ื ื• ืืช ืชืืจื™ืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื”, ื•ืชืจืื• ืื™ืœื• ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื“ืง ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ ืžืชื™.

ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืžืžืฆื, ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื?

ืื—ืจื™ ืชื•ื ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ 3 ืฉื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ื ื” ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื. ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืขื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”.

ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ืง ืžืจืื”, ืœืคื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ืžืกื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื”, ืื™ืœื• ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื“ืง ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื›ืจ (ื“ื™ืจื•ืช) ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ืžืชื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ื ืกื’ืจืช. ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืจื•ื›ืฉื™ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœืŸ, ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืขื•ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ืœื™ืงื•ื™.

ืงื•ื‘ื™ ืžืœื›ื” ืžื—ื“ื™ืจ ืžืฆืœืžืช ืฆื ืจืช ืœื ื™ืงื•ื– ืจืฆืคื” ื‘ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ื™ืช

ืžื” ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื›ืจ?

ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง ื ืกืคืจืช ืžื™ื•ื ืžืกื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื”. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ื•, ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉืžืชื’ืœื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื™ ื”ืชืืžื”, ื•ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื•. ืื—ืจื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ 3 ืฉื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ื ื” ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื.

  • ืฉื ื”: ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชืงื•ืคื” ืื—ืจืช
  • ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื: ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื•ื ื’ืจื•ืช, ืจื™ืฆื•ืฃ ื•ื—ื™ืคื•ื™ ืคื ื™ื
  • 3 ืฉื ื™ื: ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื“ื•ื•ื“ื™ื, ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื—ืฆืจ, ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชืจืžื™
  • 4 ืฉื ื™ื: ืฆื ืจืช (ืžื™ื, ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ื ื™ืงื•ื–) ื•ืื™ื˜ื•ื
  • 5 ืฉื ื™ื: ืกื“ืงื™ื ืžืขืœ 1.5 ืž"ืž ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื
  • 7 ืฉื ื™ื: ื—ื™ืคื•ื™ื™ ื—ื•ืฅ

ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืงื‘ืœืŸ ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื” ืžื”ืžืกื™ืจื”. ื‘ืื™ ื”ืชืืžื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื 20 ืฉื ื”. ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืขื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”.

ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืžืง? ืงืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžืืžืจ ืžื” ื–ื” ืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ืง ื•ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ืคืชื•ื— ืœื›ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ, ืื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ื™ืช ืœื“ื™ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช

ืฉืืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื ืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง

ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืชื•ื, ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืฆืืชื ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ. ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื” ื•ืœื ื ืจืฉื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืขืœื™ื• ืœืงื‘ืœืŸ ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื” ืžื”ืžืกื™ืจื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืกื™ืจื” ืขื ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื“ ื•ืœืฆืจืฃ ืื•ืชื• ืœืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ. ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืขื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืžื” ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกื™ืจื”.

ืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ืง ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžื™ื•ื ืžืกื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื”, ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืชืงืŸ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื•. ื–ื• ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื›ืจ (ื“ื™ืจื•ืช), ื•ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืฉื ื” ื ื’ืžืจืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืงื‘ืœืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืขื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”. ื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืœืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ืง.

ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง ื ืžื“ื“ืช ืžื™ื•ื ืžืกื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื•ืžืฉืชื ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ื‘: ืฉื ื” ืื—ืช ื›ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ืžื—ื“ืœ, ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืœืžืกื’ืจื•ืช, ื ื’ืจื•ืช, ืจื™ืฆื•ืฃ ื•ื—ื™ืคื•ื™ ืคื ื™ื, 3 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช, ื“ื•ื•ื“ื™ื, ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื—ืฆืจ ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ืชืจืžื™, 4 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืฆื ืจืช ื•ืœืื™ื˜ื•ื, 5 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืกื“ืงื™ื ืžืขืœ 1.5 ืž"ืž ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ึพ7 ืฉื ื™ื ืœื—ื™ืคื•ื™ื™ ื—ื•ืฅ. ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืขื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”. ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ืง.

ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื”. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, 3 ืฉื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง, ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจืื™, ืื‘ืœ ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื›ื. ืœืื™-ื”ืชืืžื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืงื•ื‘ืข ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ 20 ืฉื ื”. ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืขื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”.

ืžืฆืืชื ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื“ืง?

ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ื™ืช ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ื“ื•ื— ืœื“ืจื™ืฉืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื ืกื’ืจืช.